ECG findings
| Category | Student athletes | Adolescents with HCM | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| LVH | 45 (31%) | 47 (32%) | 0.83 |
| RVH | 19 (13%) | 34 (23%) | 0.0246 |
| BVH | 13 (9%) | 45 (30%) | <0.0001 |
| LVH, RVH, or BVH | 77/147 (52%) | 126/148 (85%) | <0.0001 |
| RAE | 2 (1%) | 4 (3%) | 0.68 |
| LAE | 0 (0%) | 20 (14%) | <0.0001 |
| BAE | 0 (0%) | 17 (11%) | <0.0001 |
| RAE, LAE or BAE | 2/147 (1%) | 41/148 (28%) | <0.0001 |
| Right axis deviation | 1/147 (1%) | 13/148 (9%) | 0.001 |
| Left axis deviation | 0/147 (0%) | 31/148 (21%) | <0.0001 |
| ST-segment depression | 0/147 (0%) | 44/148 (30%) | <0.0001 |
| T-wave inversion | 1/147 (1%) | 92/148 (62%) | <0.0001 |
| Pathological Q waves | 0/147 (0%) | 31/148 (21%) | <0.0001 |
| ST-segment depression, T-wave inversion, or pathological Q-waves | 1/147 (1%) | 112/148 (76%) | <0.0001 |
| Pre-excitation | 0/147 (0%) | 18/148 (12%) | <0.0001 |
BAE, biatrial enlargement; BVH, biventricular hypertrophy; HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; LAE, left atrial enlargement; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; RAE, right atrial enlargement; RVH, right ventricular hypertrophy.